Compressor



Feb. 17, 1953 A. P. ANDERSON COMPRESSOR 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Filed Nov. 4, 194a IN V EN TOR.

Feb. 17, 1953 A. P. ANDERSON 2,623,765

COMPRESSOR Filed NOV. 4, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 37 INVENTOR.

Patented F eb. 17, 1953 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE CQMIRESSOR' August RAnderson', Gosh-en, Ind.

Application November 4, 1948, Serial'No. 58,257.

tries, which can be formed of stampings.

Another object of the invention is t provide a compressor case which can be formed of stampingswith reinforcing. elements.

Other. objects of. the invention will appear from the detailed description.

The invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings Fig. l is a vertical central longitudinal section of. a. motor compressor unit exemplifying the invention.

Fig, 2 is a section of the. compressor case and parts brazed thereto, taken on line 2-2 of Fig 1 Fig. 3 is a transverse. section illustrating the pitmanand a piston connected thereto.

Fig. 4 is a detail of one of the sections of a pitman, the rim being. shown in section.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of one of the pitman sections.

Fig. 6 is a section illustrating one of the devices for securing the motor housing on the compressor case.

Fig. 7 is a sectionillustnating the compressor with a belt-drive.

Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 8-B of Fig. '7.

Fig. 9 is a section taken online 9- -9 of Fig; 8, of the compressor case and parts brazed thereto.

Fig 10 is a plan of one of the cylinder heads with the valve therein.

The compressor comprises. generally a case or housing. a pair of cylinders each with a piston slidably mounted therein, a drive-shaft enclosed in the case, eccentrics driven by the shaft, pitman for operating. the pistons from the eccentrics; an. electric motor enclosed in an auxiliary I The case comprises a shell generally designated 20 with an inturned flange 2! at one end, in which is formed an opening for access to the interior of the case, and a ring. 23 which is brazed at 2 to the outer face of flange zl. The opposite side of the case isclosed by a head 26 which is provided with an outturned flange 21, the periphery of which is brazed at 28 to the inner face of the shell as. Head 26 is formed of a plate or stamping and is bulged outwardly as at 3!} for transverse rigidity. A bearing 32 for the, driveshaft is brazed at 33 to aninturned flange 34 n the head 25. Bearing 32 is also supportedby a stamped disk 36 which is provided with a flange 3! which is brazed to the periphery of bearing 32, and an outer flange 38 which is brazed to the inner face of head Disk 36 also reinforces the head 26 transversely. This exemplifies a 'head.

forming-one side of the case, which consists of a stamping for supporting the bearing 32, and a reinforoing disk for the bearing brazed to the head 2-3 and bearing 32. Disk 36 is provided with openings 39 which permit oil from the case to be splashed'to the bearing 32. A bushing 80 is supported in bearing 32, A drive-shaft 43 i s jou'rnalled in. bushing 49" and is lubricated by oil supplied' thereto through oil-ports 44 in bushing do and bearing 32. I

A removable closure for closing and opening one end of the case comprises a plate 41 and a reinforcing ring brazed, to the outer face and around the margin of said plate. Plate 41 is provided with a central inward bulge 49 for reinforcing said plate transversely. A bearing 50 is brazed in a centralopenln'g' in plates1. One end of drive-shaft 43 is journalled in a bushing 53 in bearing 5t. Oil is splashed to shaft 43 through a port 55 in bearing 50 and bushing 53. The outer end of bearing 5c" is closed bya screwcap 51, which is provided with" a' gasket 52 to form a seal. A packing gasket 58 is interposed between plate 42? and ring 23. This exemplifies a removable end-closure which includes a stamping with an integral annular bulge in which the bearing 50 is sup-ported and brazed. and which is transversely rigid.

The shell as is provided with a flattened upper portion es. A pair of radial cylinders 62 extend through said flattened portion and through a reinforcing plate 5d, the inner face of which is brazed to the flattened portion to of shell as. The outer periphery of the outer end portions of cylinders 82 are brazed in plate Ed and the flattened portion to of the shell. Each cylinder consists of. a section of straight tubing. A piston B6 is slidable in each cylinder 62 and is operable by an eccentric 69 and by a pitman generally designated 19. Each piston has journalled therein a wrist-pin 61' to which a pitman I9 is connected. Each wrist-pin 91 consists of a piece of straight tubing and shouldered studs H in the ends of the tubing. Each pitman I9 consists of a pair of mating stampings, each of which comprises a flat side I2, an outturned cylindrical flange I3 fitting around an eccentric 98 and an outturned cylindrical flange Iii fitting around a wrist-pin 6?. Oil-ports 'II extend through flanges 73 for lubricating the eccentric, and oil-ports '39 extend through the flanges I4 for lubricating the wrist-pin bearing. The abutting faces of the flat sides of the sections are brazed together. This exemplifies a pitman which is composed of stampings brazed together and flanges forming bearings for the eccentrics and wrist-pin.

Each eccentric 69 consists of a stamping and includes a flat side-wall 89 and a rim-forming flange 8| projecting from one side of wall 89, and a hub 82 projecting from its other side. The flange 8I fits in the flanges 72 of a pitman I9.

A sleeve 83 fits around and is brazed to the hubs 82 of the eccentrics 69. The eccentrics and sleeve 83 are confined on shaft 43 by a nut 85 and spacer sleeves 86. A thrust-bearing 88 engages a shoulder 89 on shaft 43 and is engaged by the inner sleeve 89. The hubs 82 of the eccentrics are connected by a suitable spline to shaf 43 for rotating the eccentrics.

A cylinder-head 9| extends over the outer ends of cylinders 92 and the reinforcing plate 64, A reed-valve 93 and a stop 31 are secured by screw 94 on the top of cylinder-head 9 I, and said valve controls the outflow of fluid from cylinder 66 through openings 95 in head 9|. A sealing-gasket IN is interposed between said head and plate 64. A flat stamped plate 99 having a frame I99 brazed to its inner face forms a cover or closure for the chamber for valve 93, and is removably secured to the case by screws I94 which extend through plate 99, frame I99, cylinder head ill, and are threaded into the reinforcing frame 94. A sealing-gasket I92 is interposed between head 9| and frame I99.

A nipple I96 is brazed in plate 99 for a pipe connection to the condenser of the refrigerating system. A nipple I99 extends through shell 29 for connection to the suction line of the refrigerating system for delivering the fluid into the casing for the compressor. A nipple I23 is brazed to the lower portion of shell 29 for a screw-plug I24 to drain lubricating oil from the case. A nipple I3I is brazed into the head 41 for a filler plug I32 for lubricating oil.

The electric motor for driving shaft 43 is mounted at the outer side of the head 26 of the casing, and comprises a rotor H9 on shaft 43 and a stator I I I mounted on the inner periphery of a ring H2. Ring H2 is clamped endwise between the shell 29 and an outer head which is formed of a stamping and comprises a side-wall H4 and an inturned flange H5. One end of the shell 29 extends into an annular groove H6 in ring H2, and the inner end of flange H extends into a similar groove H9 at the opposite end of ring H2. Ring H2 which supports the stator III is clamped between flanges H5 and shell 29 by a seriesof screws II! which extend through stamped lugs H8, which are brazed to flange I I5 and similar lugs I I9 brazed to shell 29. Sealing gaskets H6 are confined in the rooves H5 in ring H2. Head H4, H5, ring H2 and one end of shell 29 form an auxiliary housing or case' for the motor at one end of the compressor case.- Plugs I22 are provided in the head H4 for the lead wires to the stator I I I. A characteristic of this construction is that the ring H2, in which the stator is mounted, is exposed for heat trans--' fer from the motor to the outside of the case. This results in eificient cooling of the motor.

A pipe I is soldered to the outer side of plate 29, extends from the lower portion of the motor compartment, and is provided with a discharge terminal I99 at its upper end which extends through said wall, for returning to the crankcase oil which may leak between shaft 43 and bushing 49 into said chamber. When the compressor is shut down for a sufflcient period, the pressure in the crank case and the motor compartment will equalize. When the compressor starts, the pressure in the crankcase is more rapidly reduced than it is in the motor-compartment, and this differential in pressure will cause any oil in the bottom motor-compartment to be forced through pipe I99 and returned to the crankcase.

The shell and stamped parts are usually formed of suitable steel which can be shaped to the desired contour. The cylinders are formed of sections of seamless steel tubing. The stamped shell functions as the body of a crankcase.

A base for supporting the compressor-motor unit is formed of stampings, and comprises a pair of strips I25 which are brazed to opposite sides of shell 29, a pair of brackets with legs I29 which have their upper ends I27 bent outwardly and bolted to strips I25, and an integral cross-member I28 between said legs, cross-bars I92 brazed to the underside of cross-members I29, and longitudinal bars I39 extending between and brazed to cross-bars I23. This exemplifies a base which consis s of stampings brazed together.

The operation of the construction described will be as follows: The motor will drive shaft 43 and the eccentrics 98 which will impart reciprocating strokes to the pistons. At the inner ends of the instrokes of the piston, low pressure fluid in the compressor case will pass through ports 99 into the cylinders 62, and during the outstrokes of the pistons the fluid will be compressed and forced past the valves 93 into the valve chamber and thence through nipple I99 to the condenser of the refrigerant line. During the operation of the motor, the heat therefrom will be transferred through the ring H2 to the outside of the compressor case for increased cooling efficiencyj In Figs. '7 to 9 the invention is exemplified with a belt-driven shaft for the compressor. The compressor comprises a shell which includes wall I49 at one end and an annular wall I4I formed of a stamping, a plate I42 at the opposite end of the case, and a reinforcing ring I43 having its inner face brazed to the outer face of plate I42. Plate I42 has an opening I99 conforming to the opening in ring I43, and is provided with an outturned flange I44, which fits in the annular wall I 4| of the shell. Flange I44 and the inner face of the margin of plate I42 are brazed to the shell. The flange I44 and the inner face of plate I42 are brazed to the shell. A hearing I41 for one end of the drive shaft I48 extends through and is brazed to end-wall I49 of the case. A bronze-bushing I55 in which the driveshaft I49 is journalled, is mounted in bearing I41. Bearing I4! is also supported by a stamped conical reinforcing plate I49, which has an inner genera s fian-ge I5] brazed tothe bearing IE1, and anouter flange I50 brazed to wall I40. 'A port I 53 conducts oil to the bearing I41 Openings 154 are provided in reinforcing plate I 49 for the splash of oil to the oil-port I53 A- screw-cap I56 seals the end of bearing I 47'.

Ihe opening ISO in end-wall I42 of the case and the ring I43 provides access to the interior of the case, and is closed by removable closure which comprises a flat stamped cover-plate I6I which is secured by screws I62 'to ring I43. A

sealing gasket I64 is interposed between ring I43 and plate I61. A bearing I66 is brazed in and extends through plate I SI and isprovided with a bushing I 61 in which drive-shaft MB is journalled. Bearing I 66 is additionally supported by "a conical stamped plate or. disk I6 9 which is provided'with an inner flange Ifflwhich is brazed to the periphery of bearing I66 and "an outer flange III which is brazed to the inner 'faceof plate IB-I. A pulley I13 for a drive-*b'elt'is provided with suflicient weight to function as a flywheel and is suitably and removably secured to the outer end of drive-shaft lflll.

A sealing device for the drive-shaft I48 adjacent pulley I73 comprisesa bellows-type member I75 between a ring I16 fitting around shaft M8 and a plate II-I, and a coil-spring I18. The sealing member lid is confined, and plate IT! is supported in a housing I80 which is 'formed of a stamping and brazed to cover-plate IBI.

to the opening I86 isbrazed to the flat portion I85 of the shell. A cover-plate I88 is removably secured by screws i 89 which are threaded to the plate I81. A sealing gasket I90 is interposed between plates !8 8'and'I8l. A drain-plug ISI for oil is. screw-threaded into cover-plate I88.

The eccentrics in the construetionshown in Fig. '7 are brazedto a sleeve I93 which is secured to shaft I48 by a wedge key I92. The sides of the eccentrics arebrazed to shoulders formed on the sleeve. -An inlet nipple I 08 for low pressure refrigerant extends through and is brazed in-the side-wall I40 of the case. 7

The construction of cylinders '62, cylinder head "'9I,-cover-plate=99, pistonstt, pitman III, and

the outlet valve as shown in Figs. 7 to 9, is the same as the corresponding elements hereinbefore described. The supportingbase for the case is also of the same construction hereinbefore described. The outlet connection I06 is also of the same construction hereinbefore described. The operation of this construction will be similar to that hereinbefore described, except that the drive-shaft of the compressor will be belt-driven.

The invention exemplifies a compressor which includes an enclosing case which is adapted for production, as much as is practical, from stampings or plate-metal, and in which reinforcing elements, where necessary, are brazed to the stamped shell of the case. The eccentrics and the pitman are also of a construction which can be produced from stampings for quantity proclosures-L 'du'ction. The invention also exemplifies a sealed compressor and motor unit which includes, so far as is practical, stamped parts.

i In fabricating the elements, the parts to be joined are spot-welded into their assigned positions and then copper-brazed together for securely joining them and preventing leakage at the joints. The term brazefas herein used is to be understoodas including similar methods of joining metal parts together.

' The invention is not to be understood as limited to the details described, since these may be modified within the scope of theappended claims -without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new and desire to obtain by Letters P31te1'1t 'iS 1. A case for acompressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated {by elements on the drive-shafts, comprising-z a stampedcylindrical shell provided with a flat portion; cylinders for the pistons formed of straight tubing extending through andprojecting outwardly-from the flat portion of the shell; .a hat reinforcing plate abutting and brazed to theprojectingportions of the cylinders-and having its outer end substantially flush with the outer ends of thecylin- 'ders, and a cylinder-head removably secured on the reinforcing plate'on the shell.

2. A case "for a'compressor including a driveshaft and piston operated by elements on the drive-shaft, comprising: a stamped cylindrical shell provided with a-fiat portion; cylinders for the pistons formed of straight-tubing extending through and projecting outwardly fromthe flat portion of the shell; a fiat reinforcing plate abutting and brazed tothe-projecting portions of 'brazedinto one end of theshell and the other of which includes -a stamped plate with a reinforcing brazed' theretoand is removably secured 'to the other end of "the shell; shaft-bearings brazed to the wall and the plates of the end closures respectively; and an annular angular reinforcing plate between and brazed to one of thebearings'and'oneof the-plates of the end 4. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by elements on the drive-shaft, comprising: a stamped cylindrical shell, at one of its ends; cylinders formed of tubing brazed to the shell; end closures for the shell, one of which comprises a stamped plate brazed into one end of the shell and the other of which includes a stamped inturned flange and a stamped plate with a reinforcing ring brazed into said inturned flange and is removably secured to the other end of the shell; shaft-bearings brazed to the wall and the plate of the end closures respectively; and an annular angular reinforcing plate between and brazed to the bearings and the end closures, respectively.

5. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by elements on the drive-shaft, comprising: a stamped cylindrical shell, at one of its ends; cylinders formed of tubing brazed to the shell; end closures for the shell, one of which comprises a stamped plate brazed in one end of the shell and the other of which includes a stamped plate with a reinforcing ring brazed to the shell and is removably secured to the other end of the shell; shaft-bearings brazed to the Wall and the plate of the end closures respectively; an annular angular reinforcing plate between and brazed to one of the bearings and the fixed plate, and an annular angular reinforcing plate between the other bearingand the plate of the removable end closure.

6. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by elements on the drive-shaft, comprising: a stamped cylindrical shell with an annular flange, at one of its ends; cylinders formed of tubing brazed to the shell; end closures for the shell, one of which comprises a stamped plate brazed into one end of the shell and the other of which includes a stamped plate with a reinforcing ring brazed thereto and is removably secured to the other end of the shell; shaft-bearings brazed to the wall and the plate of the end closures respectively; the fixed stamped plate having a central bulged portion around one of the bearings; and an annular angular reinforcing plate between and brazed to said one of the bearings and the bulged portion.

7. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by elements on the drive-shaft, comprising: a stamped cylindrical shel1 with an annular flange, at one of its ends; cylinders formed of tubing brazed to the shell; end closures for the shell, one of which comprises a stamped plate fixed to one end of the shell and the other of which includes a stamped plate with a reinforcing ring brazed thereto and is removably secured to the other end of the shell; shaft-bearings brazed to the wall and the plate of the end closures respectively; the fixed plate and the plate of the removable end closure having central bulges, around the bearings, and an annular angular reinforcing plate between and brazed to one of the bearings and the bulged portion of the fixed plate.

8. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by elements on the drive-shaft and for a motor including rotor on the shaft and a stator, comprising: a stamped compressor-shell including a cylindrical wall; cylinders brazed in the shell; a stamped plate brazed in one end of the shell and forming an end closure; an end closure for the other end of the shell; shaft bearings in the end closures; the mo- 8 tor including a rotor on the shaft and a statoi; an imperforate ring having its outer periphery exposed and engaging the periphery of the stator and in which the stator is directly supported; an outer end closure for the motor having a flange; the ring fitting between one end of the shell and the flange on the outer end closure; and means outside of the ring for clamping the ring between the shell and the outer end closure for the motor.

9. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by elements on the drive-shaft and for a motor includin rotor on the shaft and a stator, comprising: a stamped compressor-shell including a cylindrical wall; cylinders brazed in the shell; a stamped plate brazed in one end of the shell and forming an end closure; an end closure for the other end of the shell; shaft hearings in the end closures; the motor including a rotor on the shaft and stator; an imperforate ring having its outer periphery exposed, and engaging the periphery of the stator and in which the stator is directly supported, having annular grooves in its ends in one of which one end of the shell is seated; an outer end closure for the motor having a flange seated in the other groove; and means outside of the ring for clamping the ring between the shell and the outer end closure for the motor, including lugs brazed to the shell and last named closure and screws between said lugs.

10. A case for a compressor including a driveshaft and pistons operated by eccentrices, comprising: a stamped shell including an annular wall, cylinders for the pistons formed of tubing brazed in the shell, end-closures for the shell, shaft bearings brazed in said end-closures, the drive-shaft extending through the bearings, a sleeve between the bearings and keyed to the drive-shaft, stamped eccentrics having hubs extending into and brazed to the inner face of the sleeve, and stamped pitmen including sides having their faces brazed together and outwardly extending flanges fitting around the eccentrices and outwardly extending flanges for connecting the pitmen to the pistons.

AUGUST P. ANDERSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,639,648 Carrey Aug. 23, 1927 1,801,395 Summers Apr. 21, 1931 1,938,451 Floyd et al Dec. 5, 1933 2,210,731 Ritter Aug. 6, 1940 2,505,709 Goldberg et al Apr. 25, 1950 

